wikiNot in smartctl database
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Bei einer smartctl Abfrage von neuen SATA Festplatten oder SATA SSDs liefern die smartmontools häufig die Ausgabe Not in smartctl database. Falls ein Laufwerk auch nach einer Aktualisierung der Smartmontools Datenbank weiterhin in der Datenbank fehlt, kann ein lokaler Eintrag mit Informationen zum Laufwerk im etc-Verzeichnis als /etc/smart_drivedb.h abgelegt werden.
Beispiel: Not in smartctl database - Unknown_Attribute
Wenn ein Laufwerk nicht in der smartctl Datenbank hinterlegt ist, können viele SMART Attribute nicht ausgewertet werden - diese werden dann als Unknown_Attribute angeführt. Weitere Attribute (die auf den Default-Werten von Festplatten beruhen) können mitunter falsch interpretiert sein.
Das folgende Beispiel zeigt eine SSD, die noch nicht in der smartctl database 7.3/5319 enthalten ist:
tk@debian12:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.5.0-rc3-dirty] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: ATP SATA III M.2 2242 SSD Serial Number: 21110179-000011 LU WWN Device Id: 5 141357 09001458f Firmware Version: T0205B User Capacity: 480,103,981,056 bytes [480 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Form Factor: M.2 TRIM Command: Available, deterministic, zeroed Device is: Not in smartctl database 7.3/5319 ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5 SATA Version is: SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Thu Aug 24 07:53:34 2023 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled [...] SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 285 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 37 14 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1546518528 15 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 937703088 16 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 461 17 Unknown_Attribute 0x0033 000 000 000 Pre-fail Always - 89 100 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6177 160 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 173 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 12 174 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 7 175 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6 181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 034 118 000 Old_age Always - 34 (Min/Max 23/34) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 202 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 205 Thermal_Asperity_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21 231 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0022 036 127 000 Old_age Always - 756940836 234 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2614583488 235 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3043951205 241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 4328248897 242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 691406554 248 Unknown_Attribute 0x0030 100 100 001 Old_age Offline - 100 249 Unknown_Attribute 0x0033 000 000 000 Pre-fail Always - 89 [...]
drivedb.h
Die Ausgabe von smartctl -h zeigt, welche Datenbankdateien von den smartmontools genutzt werden:
tk@debian12:~$ sudo smartctl -h
[...]
-B [+]FILE, --drivedb=[+]FILE (ATA)
Read and replace [add] drive database from FILE
[default is +/etc/smart_drivedb.h
and then /var/lib/smartmontools/drivedb/drivedb.h]
[...]
/etc/smart_drivedb.h erstellen
Die Datei /var/lib/smartmontools/drivedb/drivedb.h kann als Beispieldatei helfen, einen Eintrag für das eigene Laufwerk zu erstellen. Sofern vom Hersteller Informationen zu den Attributen verfügbar sind, können diese zusätzlich als Hilfe bei der Erstellung eines Eintrages verwendet werden.
Für die im Beispiel angeführte ATP SSD erstellen wir folgende Datei:
tk@debian12:~$ cat /etc/smart_drivedb.h
{ "ATP SATA III Superior Line SSDs",
"ATP (SATA III|SATAIII|I-Temp. SATA III|I-Temp. SATAIII) (M.2 (2242|2280)|mSATA|2.5 inch) SSD", // tested M.2 2242 & 2280 with firmware version T0205B (Superior Line with PLP)
"T0205B|U0316B",
"",
"-v 1,raw48,Raw_Read_Error_Count "
"-v 5,raw16(raw16),Realloc_Flash_Blocks_Ct "
//"-v 9,raw24(raw8),Power_On_Hours "
//"-v 12,raw48,Power_Cycle_Count "
"-v 14,raw48,Device_Raw_Capacity "
"-v 15,raw48,Device_User_Capacity "
"-v 16,raw48,Initial_Spare_Blocks "
"-v 17,raw48,Remaining_Spare_Blocks "
"-v 100,raw48,Total_Erease_Count "
"-v 160,raw48,Uncorrectable_Sectors "
"-v 172,raw48,Block_Erase_Failures "
"-v 173,raw48,Maximum_Erase_Count "
"-v 174,raw48,Unexpected_Power_Loss "
"-v 175,raw48,Average_Erase_Count "
"-v 181,raw48,Block_Program_Failures "
"-v 187,raw48,Reported_Uncorr_Errors "
//"-v 194,tempminmax,Device_Temperature "
//"-v 195,raw48,Hardware_ECC_Recovered "
"-v 197,raw48,Current_Pending_ECC_Cnt " // Like Crucial MX500: May flip 0 <> 1 (ticket #1227)
"-v 198,raw48,Offline_UErr_Media_Scan "
"-v 199,raw48,SATA_FIS_CRC_Errors "
"-v 202,raw48,Percent_Lifetime_Used "
"-v 205,raw48,Thermal_Asperity_Rate "
"-v 231,tempminmax,Controller_Temperature "
"-v 234,raw48,Sectors_Read_from_NAND "
"-v 235,raw48,Sectors_Written_to_SSD "
"-v 241,raw48,Sectors_Written_to_NAND "
"-v 242,raw48,Sectors_Read_from_SSD "
"-v 248,raw48,Percent_Lifetime_Remain "
"-v 249,raw48,Spare_Blocks_Remaining " // same as ID 17 (Remaining_Spare_Blocks)
}
tk@debian12:~$
SMART Abfrage mit Laufwerk in der Datenbank
Nun können die SMART Attribute interpretiert werden, die SSD wird als In smartctl database angeführt:
tk@debian12:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.5.0-rc3-dirty] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: ATP SATA III Superior Line SSDs Device Model: ATP SATA III M.2 2242 SSD Serial Number: 21110179-000011 LU WWN Device Id: 5 141357 09001458f Firmware Version: T0205B User Capacity: 480,103,981,056 bytes [480 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Form Factor: M.2 TRIM Command: Available, deterministic, zeroed Device is: In smartctl database ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5 SATA Version is: SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Thu Aug 24 08:07:15 2023 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 0) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0002) Does not save SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 30) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Count 0x002f 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 5 Realloc_Flash_Blocks_Ct 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 285 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 37 14 Device_Raw_Capacity 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1546518528 15 Device_User_Capacity 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 937703088 16 Initial_Spare_Blocks 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 461 17 Remaining_Spare_Blocks 0x0033 000 000 000 Pre-fail Always - 89 100 Total_Erease_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6177 160 Uncorrectable_Sectors 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 172 Block_Erase_Failures 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 173 Maximum_Erase_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 12 174 Unexpected_Power_Loss 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 7 175 Average_Erase_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6 181 Block_Program_Failures 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorr_Errors 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 038 118 000 Old_age Always - 38 (Min/Max 23/38) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_ECC_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_UErr_Media_Scan 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 SATA_FIS_CRC_Errors 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 202 Percent_Lifetime_Used 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 205 Thermal_Asperity_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21 231 Controller_Temperature 0x0022 039 127 000 Old_age Always - 39 (Min/Max 30/45) 234 Sectors_Read_from_NAND 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2616124096 235 Sectors_Written_to_SSD 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3044409413 241 Sectors_Written_to_NAND 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 4328792513 242 Sectors_Read_from_SSD 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 692020570 248 Percent_Lifetime_Remain 0x0030 100 100 001 Old_age Offline - 100 249 Spare_Blocks_Remaining 0x0033 000 000 000 Pre-fail Always - 89 [...]
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Autor: Werner Fischer Werner Fischer arbeitet im Product Management Team von Thomas-Krenn. Er evaluiert dabei neueste Technologien und teilt sein Wissen in Fachartikeln, bei Konferenzen und im Thomas-Krenn Wiki. Bereits 2005 - ein Jahr nach seinem Abschluss des Studiums zu Computer- und Mediensicherheit an der FH Hagenberg - heuerte er beim bayerischen Server-Hersteller an. Als Öffi-Fan nutzt er gerne Bus & Bahn und genießt seinen morgendlichen Spaziergang ins Büro.
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